transfers from the empire menu, count against your spending limit, but don't cost money. and go at about 1/3 the market value. its the way things where done before shuttles.
a person could drop a GC for spending in a slave, and transfer huge amounts of weapons. you could direct sale things from your CEO, to you main, non-fighting countries, then transfer. you could also take over several C3s, for location, or what ever, then use their spending limit to buy, or direct sales, then transfer. given follow up, could amount to multiplying the military size of a country in the pre-war waiting period. (setting all your corps to 10% hiring also frees up manpower for your army, but does allot of damage to your own econ, but it works in a pinch.)
this still is valid for some non-shuttle-able items like Cruisers, and Frigates, (at least i think they still wont load into shuttles, haven't tried for a long time.)
as far as shuttles go, they changed things, its allot easier to just load you space center, set auto-transport orders, that by-pass all spending limits, and offers the ability to transfer the weapons/ammo of mega war mammoths from a stock pile in a CEO, or even another planet. Which is something i once did. i had a couple of cash cows, with a skeleton defense, be declared on by a couple of mega-war mammoths. inside of 48 hours, i transfer enough weapons from my empire on WG to LU, to make a 1-2 vs 3-4 ranked fight. my opponent chose to negotiate a cease fire.