They don't document the formulas for most things, not to mention that many things fall victim to "banana smoothing" to make it easier for the children to play. Anyway, in short:
Products sold last month is revenue.
Tax is based on profit.
| | Income | | Cost | |
| Products Sold | | 4,465.57M SC$ | Turnover last month | | |
| Salaries Paid | | | | 718.09M SC$ | Salary Cost |
| Raw Materials Used | | | | 1,582.33M SC$ | Cost of Material used |
| Fixed Property Cost | | | | 236.19M SC$ | Fixed Cost |
| Maintenance Products Used | | | | 327.82M SC$ | Maintenance Cost |
| Interest on Loans | | | | 0.00M SC$ | Interst paid |
| Country Resources Used | | | | 980.74M SC$ | |
| Total: | | 4,465.57M SC$ | | 3,845.18M SC$ | |
This is what is used to determine profit ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF TAXES.
Salaries Paid
Raw Materials Used should be the "Last Price Paid" for each product actually used in production (except factory maintenance) multiplied by utilization and base amount used per month. This is a different kind of smoothing that breaks down the large materials orders to an accurate reflection of profit. This has been known to be erroneous in some cases.
Fixed property cost is loosely correlated to the Q & E upgrades a corporation has (more upgrades means higher cost). It will also be significantly higher for state than private corps.
Maintenance Cost is exactly like Raw Materials Used except the facility uses the reported number of FMU no matter what the utilization is. This number increases with Q upgrades.
Country Resources Used should be directly proportional to products sold and only this. Previously heard reports of smoothing, but too busy to investigate.
THESE NUMBERS ARE USED TO DETERMINE TAX.
Now, don't get that mixed up with this:
| Cash at start of previous month | | 79,012.80M SC$ | |
| | | | |
| Salaries Paid | | -718.09M SC$ | Salaries paid last month |
| Interest Paid | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| Country Resources Used | | -980.74M SC$ | |
| Fixed Property Cost | | -236.19M SC$ | Fixed Cost |
| Maintenance Products Bought | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| Raw Materials Bought | | -1,742.61M SC$ | |
| Raw Materials Sold | | 0.00M SC$ | Materials Sold Last Month |
| New Loans Taken | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| Loans Paid Back | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| Tax Paid | | -40.10M SC$ | Tax payments |
| Profit Payment Paid | | 0.00M SC$ | Profit transfer payments |
| Upgrades Bought | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| Damage Repair Paid | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| Products Sold | | 4,264.11M SC$ | Turnover last month |
| Manual Cash Transfers | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| Automatic Cash Transfers | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| Income New/Cost of Retracting Shares | | 0.00M SC$ | |
| | | | |
| Cash beginning of this month | | 79,559.17M SC$ | |
These are the numbers that matter.
Another thing to especially note is that Last Price Paid for products and Products Sold Last Month are the only accurate ways of determining how much your products sold or were bought for. Last price Paid is theoretically open to errors, but I'm more referencing the fact that (Q * Market Price * Amount Sold/Used [which can be estimated by amount at 100% * utilization]) doesn't equal either of these numbers and in the case of Products Sold way overestimates expected revenue by up to 10% in some cases. (irrespective of Trade Strategies). If you contract goods or direct sale them, they will sell for market price.
Please note: it is entirely possible for the corporation to be reporting losses on the first sheet I mentioned and cash to be increasing on the second and vice versa. Also, if you own an enterprise, I recommend completely ignoring that garbage Finance Sheet.
Not sure how the tax rate of citizens is determined. For sure, the tax rate seems to be higher in some cases and lower in other (checked two countries getting 19% and 28% [tax income / total income of all workers]). Someone theorized that Tax Rate is related to average income by some formula involving LN(X) because well, that's the most obvious way to do it (which SC doesn't exactly have the best track record of following that kind of mindset), but we never got around to testing and I'm too busy to bother checking myself.