There is not a guide, If I had time I'd write one.
But my comments here would be: you don't need a navy necessarily. If your looking for just gaining navy experience then, sure. But, if you just desire a distant country; you can just use ground forces.
You can send a airport construction team up to 12000 distance, and then just conduct the war as a ground war after you lift in the units along with supply units
For the the record I did once set sail to conquer a country with the navy, and still ended up sending an airport construction team to build an airport. This allowed the airdropping of heavy ground weapons. It was just cheaper and easier.
For C3s I don't think a navy is useful. For pvp, it allows you to bring in support for your ground troops. So you'd send the navy to back up the troops you airlift. Also the guided missiles and cruise missiles are very good for destroying defensive positions.
If you want to just use the navy, then your looking at navy fighters to remove the air force, Navy helicopters to destroy targets, and cruise missiles/guided missiles for taking out garrisons and defensive units. It should be doable, but I decided it would be cheaper to just defang with the navy and drop ground weapons in to mop up. Though you could also back up the navy with ground based strategic weapons as well, for target destruction.
Be warned the navy is costly, too. If it's non pvp, you really probably should just use airdropped ground weapons.
I'll look tommorrow and see what notes I have and add anything useful.